Primary Sources (online and print)

Access the primary sources that accompany the lesson below:

• “Charter Relating to Judicial Duels, 11^th-12^th Century.” Trans. Richard Barton. Medieval Sourcebook. Fordham University, 1998
• Froissart, Jean. “The Life-and-Death Duel Between James Le Gris and Jean de Carogne.” Trans. Steven Muhlberger, Nipissing University
• Le Coq, Jean. Questiones Johannis Galli. Ed. Marguerite Boulet. Paris: Éditions de Boccard, 1944
• Monk of Saint-Denis. “An Account of the Duel Between Jean de Carrouges and Jacques Le Gris in the Chronicle of the Monk of Saint-Denis.” Trans. Steven Muhlberger, Nipissing University

Video 

_{Content warning: Video contains mentions of rape and descriptions of violence; contains spoilers for the forthcoming movie The Last Due, directed by Ridely Scott.} 

Secondary Sources

• Elema, Ariella. Trial by Battle in France and England. PhD Dissertation. University of Toronto, 2012.

• Elema, Ariella. “What Really Happened at the Last Duel?” HROARR. March 4, 2016.

• Jager, Eric. The Last Duel: A True Story of Crime, Scandal, and Trial by Combat in Medieval France. New York: Broadway Books, 2004.

• Musée National du Moyen Âge, Paris. “Le combat en armure, Daniel Jaquet.” YouTube. June 3, 2011.